WILPF in MENA
العربية

Themes: Feminist Political Economy

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Bullying

Bullying is any abusive practice or behaviour directed by an individual or group of individuals towards another individual or group. Bullying can be considered a form of harassment that is more frequent and systematic. It aims not only to violate the receiving party, but also to belittle them. Bullying is characterised by being targeted at a person or group of people, while harassment need not be targeted.

  • Physical bullying
  • Verbal bullying
  • Indirect bullying
  • Intellectual bullying
  • Cyberbullying
  • Feminist bullying

Harassment

Harassment/Taharrush is a group of unwanted abusive practices that are threatening to the recipient by their very nature. Unlike bullying, harassment need not be targeted. It may take place directly or indirectly, so that it creates an atmosphere of distress, heaviness, and insecurity.

  • Physical harassment
  • Verbal harassment
  • Sexual harassment

Assault

Assault is any actual or attempted aggressive act that deliberately violates or threatens the physical space of an individual or group. It is often believed that assault is limited to direct physical violations only, but as a concept it also includes indirect infringement on personal space.

  • Sexual assault
  • Physical assault
  • Verbal assault

Exploitation

Exploitation occurs when a person or group of people uses their power, status, or positionality for personal benefit through the use of force, duress, violence, coercion, deceit, or trickery that causes direct or indirect harm to another person or group of people, or to public interest.

  • Sexual exploitation
  • Emotional exploitation
  • Exploitation of labour and economic resources

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